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(No' Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. J. SCHLICHT. APPARATUS FOR PRODUGING COMBUSTION"7 v ll Patented Mar.10, 1896.

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PAU'L J. SOHLIOHT, OF SUMMIT, NEIV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO EDMUND FRANCISELDREDGE, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COMBUSTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,282, dated March10, 1896.

Application tiled January 14, 1896. Serial No. 575,486. (No model.)

To if/ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, PAUL J. ScHLIcHT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Summit, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for ProducingOombustion, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, whichform a part hereof.

Myinvention relates to means for carrying out the improved method ofproducing combustion described in my earlier application, Serial No.523,782, and its object is to provide an efficient and economicalapparatus for supplying or feeding air to the deiiector or other meansemployed for introducing air into the chimney or stack and directing ittoward the place of combustion, and heating the said air while it isbeing so supplied or fed to the deflector or other means.

Another object of the invention isto protect the chimney or stack fromthe external atmosphere or wind and thereby to prevent the Waste or lossof heat by radiation from the exterior of the chimney or stack or byhaving heat-units carried away from the exterior of said chimney orstack by currents of air.

My invention consists broadly in the combination,with a chimney or stackor other iiue through which the products of combustion escape, of meansfor causing a current of air to move downward within said chimney orstack in contact with the products of combustion, and an air-heatingdevice or duct adapted to receive heat from or be heated by thecombustion products within the chimney or stack and to deliver heatedairto said means,whereby some of the heatwhich is given off from theproducts of combustion escaping through the chimney or stack, and whichwould otherwise be Wasted, is utilized in heating the air while it ispassing to the deflector or other means for introducing it into thechimney or stack.

My invention also consists in the combination, with a chimney or stackor other liue through which the products of combustion escape, of meansfor initiating a downwardlymoving current of air within said chimney orstack, so that it will ilow downward in contact with the products ofcombustion, and a stackprotector adapted to protect the stack from thewind or the external atmosphere and at the same time to cause the air tobe heated while it is passing to the deiiector or other means forintroducing it into the chimney or stack, whereby the stack is protectedfrom exposure to the lower temperature of the external atmosphere andwhatever heat is given off from the exterior of the chimney or stack isprevented from being lost or wasted, and is utilized in heating thefeed-airwhile it is passing to the deflector or other similar means forproperly initiating it into the chimney or stack.

y invention also consists in inclosing the stack throughoutsubstantially its entire length with such a protector, whereby the stackis completely shielded and protected, and at the same time an extendedair-passage is formed between the protector and the stack which isadapted to heat the air on its way to the deflector at the top of thestack.

My invention also consists in making the stack-protector out of somematerial which is a non-conductor of heat and cold, such as asbestos orwood liber, whereby the loss of heat through the wall of thestack-protector is absolutely prevented, and the heat given off from theouter surface of the stack or chimney is entirely absorbed by theinflowing current of air.

My invention also consists in combining with the other elements abovenamed a windguard adapted to protect the air-current from the wind.

My invention also consists in certain other features of construction andcombinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

My invention is fully shown in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure l is a perspective sectional view of one form of my improvement.Fig. 2 is a perspective sectional view of another form of myimprovement, and Fig. 3 is a perspective sectional view of still anotherform.

Similar letters indicate similar parts in different figures.

In Fig. l, a represents an ordinary annular stack. bisadeflector. Itisannular in shape, thus conforming to the shape of the stack, but issmaller in size than thelatter, as a result of which there is a space orpassage between the ICO deflcctor and the stack for the admission ofair. The length of the deiiector may be varied according to the distancewhich the deiiector is to extend into the stack; but in every case thedeector is made to extend only a part of the distance toward the placeof combustion, so that the air is brought into conta-ct with the hotproducts of combustion escaping t-hrough the stack. The size of thepassage between the deiieetor and the stack can be varied according tocircumstances. Generally it will not do to reduce the outlet for thecombustion products to less than halt the arca of the stack. In mostcases the area of such outlet should be much greater than the area ot'the air-passage. c is a wind-guard connected with the upper end of thedei'lector. It is preferably formed by bending` the end of the deiiectorover so as to form a flange. This flange is annular in shape and extendsover the top of the stack and down the outside thereof far enough toprevent the wind from blowing directly down into the passage between thedeector and the stack, and thus to guard or protect the air-current insuch passage from the force or violence of the external gusts orcurrents of air. (Z is an air-heating device consisting of astack-protector which serves both to protect the stack from the externalatmosphere and at the same time to cause the feed-air to be heated onits way to the deiector l). This stack-protector is, in the form shownin Fig. l, a continuation of the the wind-guard c. It consists of a tubeof larger dimensions than the stack, surrounding the latter so as toform an air-passagc between it and the stack. The size of thisair-passage may be Varied according to the circumstances, and willnaturally be regulated with reference to the size of the air-passagebetween the delleetor l) and the stack.

In the best Aform of my invention the pretector d is made of asbestosorsome other suitable material which is a good non-conductor of heat andcold, as a result of which theheat on the inside of the protector willnot pass through the same and be lost or dissipated, and such lowtemperatures as may prevail on the outside will not affect thetemperature within.

h 7L are supporting-devices for holding the dellector in place on thestack. Any other suitable form of supporting devices may be employed.

The operation of my apparatus is as follows: The hot products ofcombustion escape up through the chimney or stack in the directionindicated by the arrows j' f. The air enters the lower end oi' the ductor passage between the stack a and the protector d in the direc tionindicated by the arrows e, and rises through that passage and iows overthe top of the stack, and is guided by the defleetorb in a downwarddirection until it comes in contact with the hot products of combustionescaping through the chimney or stack. The air continues to flowdownward and passes to the place of combustion while the combus tionproducts continue to ilow in the other direction, the two being incontact, and the air thereby absorbing heat from the combustion productsand the two currents or columns being mutually aitccted and regulated,as fully explained in my earlier application, Se rial No. 523,782, abovereferred to.

lith many forms of chimneys or stacks the wall of the stack will becomeheated and a certain amount of heat will be given oll from its exteriorsurface. Ordinarily this heat is carried ott by the external currents ofair and is lost. In my improvement this heat is taken up or absorbed bythe inllowingeurrent of air, and the air is thereby raised intemperature, so that when the air reaches the deileetor b it is alreadyheated to some extent. This heating is accomplished by utilizing heatthat would otherwise be wasted. My improvement therefore increases theeconomy of the apparatus. The protector d prevents the externalatmosphere or the external currents of air from eoininginto contact withthe chimney or stack, and thus prevents the chimney or stack from beingexposed to low temperatures, which would result in robbing it olf itsheat. This also secures a saving of heat, and hence of fuel. Then theprotector is made of non-conducting material, its operation is greatlyimproved.

In Fig. 2, a is an ordinary annular stack. l) is a defleetor. c is awind-guardg is a. stack-protector. In this form of my improvement theprotector g extends only a part ot the length of the stack. e c arearrows indieating the direction of the niiowing current of air. f farearrows indicating the direction of the current of combustion products.7l 7l. are supporting devices for holding the de ilector in place on thesta-ck. Any other sui table form of supporting devices maybe used forthis purpose.

As already stated in connection with the description of Fig. l, I preferto make the stack-protector g of asbestos or some other suitablesubstance which is a non-conductor of heat.

The operation of this i'orm of my invention is substantially the same'as already explained, except that the stack-protector g does not protectthe entire stack but only the upper part thereof. The current of airenters the lower end of the passage between the stack and thestack-protector, as indicated by the arrows, rises through that passage,ilows over the top of the stack and is directed and guided downward bythe defiector l). At the lower end of the deilector the air comes intocontact with the hot combustion products, the air continuing to ilowdownward to the place of c0mbustion,while the combustion productscontinue to ilow in the opposite direction. Thile the air is risingthrough the passage between the stack and the staclcprotector it israised in temperature by the heat given ofi' from the stack, as alreadyexplained.

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Referring to Fig. 3, a is the stack. i is the delector. 7c is thewind-guard. lis the stackprotector. m m are openings or holes in thewall of the stack connecting the passage between the stack-protector andthe stack with the interior of the stack. c c are arrows indicating thedirection of the iniiowing current of air. ff are arrows indicating thedirection of the current of combustion products. The stack-protector isin this construction also an extension of the wind-guard. The wind-guardand stack-protector are supported in place by a flange bolted orotherwise fastened to the exterior of the stack. The deiiector 'L' isheld in place by a similar iiange fastened to the interior of the wallof the stack.

As stated in connection with the other iigures, I prefer to make thestack-protector Z of asbestos or some other suitable substance which isa non-conductor of heat.

The operation of this form of my invention is substantially the same asthat already described,except that the current of air enters at theupper end of the passage between the stack and the stack-protector andflows downward therein and passes into the stack through the openings mmand is directed and guided downward by the deflector i, so as to flowdownward in contact with the products of combustion.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings I have shown my preferred form of apparatus.It will be apparent, however, that the different parts or elements maybe greatly varied in shape and construction. It will also be apparentthat the form and character of the stack or chimney or flue can bevaried in any manner desired. Thus the stack maybe square or rectangularor polygonal, or may be of brick instead of metal The shape of thedifferent elements could be correspondingly varied.

The different parts of the apparatus can be made of any suitablematerial.

Any suitable supporter of combustion'may be used instead of air.

My improved apparatus secures great economy by the conservation andutilization of the heat passing through the wall of the stack and givenoff from the exterior thereof.

I do not herein claim the deflector or windguard separately from thestack-protector, and I do not herein claim the deector windguard andstack-protector or any of them as a separate article of manufacture, asI have included such claims in my other applications, Serial Nos.523,782, 575,485, and 575,489.

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-y 1. Thecombination with a chimney or stack of means for causing a current ofair to move downward within said chimney or stack in contact with theproducts of combustion, and an air-heating device adapted to receiveheat from the combustion products within the chimney or stack and todeliver heated air to said means, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a chimney or stack of means for initiating adownwardly-moving current of air within said chimney or stack in contactwith the products of combustion, and an air-heating device adapted toreceive heat from the combustion products within the chimney or stackand to deliver heated air to said means, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a chimney or stack of means for causing acurrent of air to move downward within said chimney or stack in contactwith the products of combustion, and an air duct or passage adapted toreceive heat from the combustion products within the chimney or stackand to deliver heated air to said means, substantially as set forth.

at. The combination with a chimney or stack of means for initiating adownwardly-moving current of air within said chimney or stack in contactwith the products of combustion, and an air duct or passage adapted toreceive heat from the combustion products within the chimney or stackand to deliver heated air to said means, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with a chimney or stack of means for initiating adownwardly-moving current of air within said chimney or stack, so thatit will iiow downward in contact with the products of combustion7 and anair-heating device consisting of a chimney or stack protector adapted toprotect the chimney or stack from the external atmosphere and to deliverheated air to said means, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination with a chimney or stack of means for initiating adownwardly-moving current of airwithin said chimney or stack, so that itwill flow downward in contact with the products of combustion, and anair-heating device consisting of a chimney or stack protector made ofnon-conducting material adapted to protect the chimney or stack from theexternal atmosphere and to deliver heated air to said means,substantially as set forth.

7. The combination with a chimney or stack of means for initiating adownwardly-moving current of air within said chimney or stack, so thatit will flow downward in contact with the products of combustion, and anair-heating device consisting of a chimney or stack protector inclosingthe chimney or stack throughout substantially its entire length andforming an air-passage between it and the chimney or stack and adaptedto protect the chimney or stack from the external atmosphere and todeliver heated air to said means, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination with a chimney or stack of means for initiating adownwardly-moving current of air within said chimney or stack so that itwill iiow downward in contact with the products of combustion, and anai`rheating device adapted to receive heat from the combustion productswithin the chimney or stack and deliver heated air to said means, and awindnguard adapted to protect said cnrrent from the wind, substantiallyas set forth.

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moving current of air Within said Chimney 0r stack, so that it will Howdownward in eentn-et with the prodnets of combustion, and :n1

nir-heating device Consisting of a Chimney or stack protectorinelosing,r the chimney or stoel; throughout substantially its entirelength and forming an air-passage between it and the chimney or stackand adapted lo protect the chimney or stack from the external atmospheremid to deliver hen-ted nir to Said means, und n wi11d-guard adapted toprotect said enrrent from the wind7 snbstmltiu-llyas set forth.

l1. The eombiimtion with si chimney or Strick of the delleetor l), andthe steekproteetor (L substantially is Set forth.

12. The combination with :L chimney or steek, of the defleetor I), thestack-protector (l, and the wind-guard ff, substantially :is set forth.

133. The combination with :L chimney or stack, of the deieetor l), thestaeleprotector (l, made of non-conducting material, mid the Windgnard(f, substantially :is set forth.

VPAUL J. SCIILIGHT.

\Vit11esses:

E. FRANCIS ELDnEDeE, EDWIN SEGER.

